Child’s Life Stage: Toddler

The Preschool Parenting Playbook

Being a father has been one of the most fulfilling roles of my life. I cherish the relationship I have with my two kids, and take pride in seeing them grow and mature. Along this journey, I’ve had to think creatively and develop strategies to navigate challenging moments. Each breakthrough left me wishing, “If only I’d thought of that sooner!” 

In my parenting journey, I’ve learned that more knowledge goes a long way. This article shares tried-and-tested strategies I’ve used to help my family manage the challenges of early childhood development. I hope this list inspires you to design your own parenting playbook—strategies for each tricky situation you may encounter. 

‘Connection before correction’ encourages parents to understand what their child is going through before correcting their behaviour.

Important caveats before we begin 

  1. Be kind to yourself: No parent or child is perfect. The goal is to make gradual improvements over time. There will be days when both parents and children give in to big feelings due to transitions, illness, tiredness, stress, and more. Being kind to ourselves helps us stay refreshed, recover better from rough patches, and maintain a growth mindset needed to refine our parenting strategies continually. 

  2. Check on their H.A.L.T.: In challenging moments, mentally run through whether your child is Hungry, Anxious, Lonely, or Tired (H.A.L.T.). Young children often cannot articulate physical or emotional discomfort, resulting in emotional outbursts and challenging behaviours. Meeting your children’s H.A.L.T. needs can often soothe them in the moment. 

  3. Connection before correction, correction after connection: “Connection before correction” encourages parents to understand what their child is going through before correcting their behaviour. Connection is built daily by being present, giving full attention, and ensuring children feel heard. After connecting with your child, remember to correct their behaviour too. While discipline and guidance may feel unpleasant at times, they help children build relational skills and social awareness through developing sound values and consideration for others. 

 

The approaches below provide practical handles and are generally more appropriate for toddlers and preschoolers (18 months to 6 years). 

Calming Techniques 

These techniques help children calm themselves in overwhelming situations, such as intense fears, tantrums, or meltdowns. Note that they are usually more effective after you’ve taken time to hear them out (i.e. connection before correction). 

  1. Blow the birthday candle: This is my go-to method for calming my children after meltdowns or tantrums. Use your finger as a “birthday candle” for your child to “blow out.” If they are ready to engage in play, vary the motions of your finger (e.g. If they blew harder, I would shake my finger harder or make a funny noise, which usually makes them laugh). This technique encourages deep breathing, which helps calm the mind and body.

  2. Inflate the balloon: Place a hand on the child’s tummy and ask them to “inflate the balloon” by pushing out the hand as they breathe in. If they are ready for play, ask them to breathe out as if they were an inflated balloon being released, usually resulting in chuckles and a lighter mood.

  3. A tall tower: This educational activity is best carried out during playtime, rather than in the midst of a meltdown/tantrum. It involves having the child stack a tower of blocks and then taking a deep breath to blow it down. Remind them to take deep breaths and “blow the tower down” when they have big feelings.

  4. Press the button: Have the child use a finger to press something, and you make a funny noise or a random effect (e.g., the hand “flies away” or closes quickly to catch their finger). This fun distraction helps regulate intense emotions. After they calm down, provide comfort, guidance, or correction if needed.

  5. Find some trees and the sky: During difficult moments when no one is in the mood for play, take your child to a window or outdoors and ask them to find some trees or the sky. This approach teaches them to step away from a triggering event and discover the soothing effect of nature.

  6. Giving a hug: Sometimes, all a child needs is a hug or to sit in your lap. Physical affection helps young children feel safe and accepted, building safety and comfort in the parent-child relationship that allows for continued nurturing and guidance.

  7. Where is the pain: For managing physical pain from a fall or accident, validate your child’s experience (i.e., “That must have been very painful.”), and ask them to point out where the pain is. This keeps them from being overwhelmed and shifts their attention to minding their body, while allowing you to assess the injury. They usually calm down significantly, though they may still benefit from a long hug. 

Despite numerous scientific journals and research-backed parenting approaches, you are the expert on your child.

Coaxing Techniques 

These approaches encourage kids to be on task, such as finishing their food or getting into the shower. 

  1. Spaceship landing: Have your child open their mouth as a “space station” for the “spaceship” (a spoonful of food) to land. Variations include changing the scenery to a “train station,” “bus station,” and so on. Imagination is key! 

  2. End the song: Sing a line or two from a nursery rhyme and get your child to take a bite at the end of the song. Variations include making funny sounds or actions as they take a bite. 

  3. Say “ah” when done: Ask your child to say “ah” to show an empty mouth after taking a spoonful of food. This encourages them to eat and swallow their food quickly. 

  4. Volcano: Put a bit of soap into a bottle or bowl and jet it with water to create a foamy “volcano,” keeping your child occupied while bathing. Use this as an opportunity to teach values like recycling (by re-using plastic bottles or containers) or reducing wastage (not using too much soap and water during playtime). 

  5. Drinking animals: When my son was two, he fell and scraped his knee very badly. He was understandably inconsolable for close to an hour and refused to even take one step into the shower! To get him to make the first step, I got him to give his toy animals a drink in the shower. While this did not stop him from crying when the water hit, it at least reduced the tears from washing up! 

You are the Expert 

I’ve heard parents who share many difficult days with their kids. I also often observe the very same parents taking unique and effective approaches to nurture and soothe their children! Despite numerous scientific journals and research-backed parenting approaches, you are the expert on your child.  

This article represents my journey to discover what works best for my children. I hope it inspires you to create your playbook, and I’m sure you have much wisdom to share with fellow parents in your spheres! 

A Guide to Understanding Consent

Consent and boundaries set the foundation of healthy relationships based on trust and respect. As parents, we want to raise our children to grow into respectful and empathetic individuals.

But what exactly is consent? What is the difference between consent and boundaries? And how do we teach our kids about it?

What is the difference between consent and boundaries?

Consent is giving permission for something to happen or agreeing to do something. It is a clear, affirmative, and voluntary agreement between participants to engage in a specific activity. Silence does not mean consent, and consent can be given or taken away at any moment.

Boundaries are rules that we put in place to keep ourselves safe. This can include both physical and emotional safety.

Why should we explain consent to our children?

As parents, we need to be clear from the get-go with our children; as children, they do not have the maturity and ability yet to give consent, especially in the area of sexual touch. 

However, consent is not just about sex. It is something that we give (or not give) every day. For example, lending someone a pen or a book. Talking about consent in a broader, everyday sense when our children are young allows us to better handle the more delicate conversations about consent when the time is right. 

What may be more developmentally appropriate for them to understand is the concept of boundaries, where they can learn what is appropriate and what isn’t.

How to teach boundaries to children 

Early/preschool years (0-6)

Begin teaching the basics of boundaries from a young age. We can use simple language and relatable scenarios to help our children grasp the concept. For example, explain that if a friend doesn’t want to share a toy, that is their boundary, and we should respect that decision. 

We can model this in our daily interactions, such as by asking them for permission before hugging or tickling your child, and respecting their response.  

Everyday situations provide ample teachable moments. If your child takes something without asking, use it as a moment to explain why it’s important to get permission first. 

Discuss different types of boundaries, such as physical, emotional, and digital, and why it’s important to honour them.

Primary years (7-9)

When children enter primary school, they may experience situations where their classmates behave in unexpected ways, for example taking their stationery or personal belongings without permission. 

At home, work hard to create an environment where our children feel comfortable expressing their true feelings and boundaries. Encourage them to speak up if they feel uncomfortable about anything that happened in school, and assure them that their feelings and opinions are valid. 

Help your children understand that everyone has personal boundaries that should be respected. Discuss different types of boundaries, such as physical, emotional, and digital, and why it’s important to honour them. 

We can even use role-playing to practise making a request. This can help children feel more confident in real-life situations. For example, practise asking if they can borrow a toy from a friend, and prepare them to accepting the answer, whether it’s a “yes”, “no”, or “wait”. 

Teach your children to ask for permission before sharing any photos or personal information online, and to respect the privacy of others.

Tween years (10-12) 

As your tween grows in independence, it is important to keep communication open. By having regular conversations about things like peer pressure and how it can affect their ability to stand their ground even when it goes against their values or wishes, we are helping them develop strategies on to assert their boundaries and say “no” in difficult situations. 

If they are into online games, it is also important to monitor who they converse with online and about how they can stay safe if a stranger tries to strike up a conversation with them.  

In today’s digital age, boundaries are also important in online interactions.  

Teach your children to ask for permission before sharing any photos or personal information online, and to respect the privacy of others. 

Teen years & Late teen years (13-18)

At this age, some teens may begin to explore romantic relationships, so it is vital to continue talking about how love and relationships work, what healthy boundaries are, and the special significance of sex within a committed loving relationship like marriage.

This is also the stage where we can help them understand more about consent in the context of sexual activity. We can raise questions such as:

  • Is consent all that matters when it comes to sexual acts? What else should we consider? 
  • Is all consensual sex morally acceptable and right? 
  • With the pervasiveness of pornography, sexual acts can sometimes veer into the extreme/unhealthy category. What could be some of the consequences on the individual? How can we tell if something is good or bad for us?  

Make sure your teen understands that consent can be changed or withdrawn at any time. Help them understand that any sexual activity that takes place when one party is unable to give consent, for example, if they are drunk, is actually sexual abuse. Encourage them to communicate any changes in their feelings clearly and assertively, and to not hesitate to come to you for help if they find themselves in any sticky situations. 

By teaching our children about sex in the context of a loving and committed relationship like marriage, we equip them with the tools they need to protect themselves from engaging in sex prematurely, and to build respectful and healthy relationships.

Conversations About Sex Need Not Be So Tough

Research shows that when parents engage their children in topics on sexuality, their children grow to make wiser choices in relationships and sex. To help you overcome your fears in broaching the topic, we have designed a Talk About Sex video series specially for parent and child (aged 7-12) to enjoy, engage with and learn together!
Find out more

How to Manage Toddler Tantrums Effectively

Two years of age is a very fun stage for children because their awareness begins to grow exponentially, be it of the environment or people around them. It is also the age where they start to try and exert their power. Their brains begin to develop rapidly: they pick up language quickly, start to recognise and remember things, can understand short and simple instructions and also have a billion questions.  

At the same time, they also are lacking in impulse control and emotion regulation, resulting in some tension within them when things don’t go their way. 

The most common behaviours they display at this age are usually tantrums and meltdowns. Due to the lack of maturity of their brain, they are still unable to process complicated emotions such as disappointment and anger.  

They express these emotions in physical ways such as throwing things, screaming, whining, throwing themselves on the floor, hitting or even biting others. We should not condone these behaviours, but we should expect them. 

There is a difference between a tantrum and a meltdown. Tantrums have a purpose, which is to achieve a certain goal like getting their parents to buy them a desired toy.  

Meltdowns have more to do with sensory overload or overtiredness, where they lose control of themselves and require their parents to step in and soothe them. Therefore, the approach to managing these two behaviours would be very different. 

Managing Tantrums

Toddlers are unable to rationalise as well as older children. They do not understand the reason they are not allowed to have their third ice-cream in a row or buy their fifth monster truck toy of the week. Their brains are unable to comprehend our explanation, which then leads to them expressing their unhappiness physically.  

When it comes to tantrums, toddlers are triggered by our No’s, while we adults are triggered by their behaviours. We feel a sudden surge of anxiety, especially when they start screaming or throwing themselves on the floor in public places. We worry about their safety and how others will view us as parents.  

This anxiety often causes us to want to stop the behaviour immediately so that we can move on from the situation and get out of the embarrassment, and we start giving in to them. However, we know that this is not a long-term solution. 

Our goal is ultimately to impart values and skills that will lead to a healthy, thriving life. For example, using the ice-cream scenario, the value is: Having too much ice-cream can make them sick, hence they should not consume a third ice-cream.  

A strategy we can adopt is giving them options. For example, you can say: “You already had two cups of ice-cream. It is unhealthy to eat three at one go and it can make you sick. I don’t want you to fall sick. I can get you another ice-cream the next time we visit this store, or would you like to eat something else?” 

The priority is to help my child get through his disappointment or anger.

We also need to learn to manage our emotions in this short window of time as we manage theirs. We can do this by managing our expectations. Whenever I have to say “No” to my child, I anticipate his tantrum even before I speak to him.  

This helps me be less anxious because I already know what is coming. I also need to consciously tell myself that the tantrum will pass, and the opinions of others do not matter. 

The priority is to help my child get through his disappointment or anger. Sometimes, this means giving my child time and space to cry, thrash around, scream or vent in a safe space until he feels ready to move on.  

In the meantime, we as parents can stay close and assure our children that we are still around for them. Undoubtedly, it is a draining process to wait till the storm passes, but we are teaching them that it is alright to express how they feel, and that we still love them. By modelling and allowing that space and calm, we are also demonstrating emotional regulation. 

The quickest way to manage a meltdown is to help your children rest, be it giving them a bottle for comfort or carrying them to sleep in a dark and quiet room. 

Managing Meltdowns

Meltdowns happen when children are in overdrive – usually sensorial in nature – and are unable to regulate themselves. It happens mostly when they are overtired and desperately need to rest or get some sleep.  

The quickest way to manage a meltdown is to help your children rest, be it giving them a bottle for comfort or carrying them to sleep in a dark and quiet room. 

When our children are at the brink of a meltdown, we begin to see signs such as excessive whining, not following routines and crying. While some of these behaviours may seem like a tantrum, we must not immediately assume so. We need to recognise what the child is feeling or has been through, so that we are able to better judge how to manage the situation.  

Back in my child’s earlier toddler days, I often confused meltdowns with tantrums, so I dealt with his meltdown as if it was a tantrum. It made things worse for both of us. It was only slightly later that I begin to consider carefully what my child might be going through and dealt with it accordingly. 

When managing a meltdown, I had to prioritise some of the routines and skip the rest. The sooner my child can rest, the better he will feel. There were days when he had to skip his shower and just have a wipe-down because it was too much for him to go through the entire showering process. The good news is, he resets himself after a good night’s sleep! 

Managing Self

Tantrums and meltdowns are two situations that often cause the most distress to parents. Emotions run high for both parent and child and sometimes we simply cannot deal with all the emotions and explode in anger or frustration. This is a common sight for parents with toddlers.  

There is also a lot of guilt because we think that we should have managed ourselves better being the adult. However, we also need to recognise that we are just as human as our toddlers are and go easy on ourselves.  

Self-care is important for parents, especially so in this season, because it is emotionally taxing on us to manage their emotions while keeping ours in check. Regular self-care like taking a short time-out allows us the safe space to validate what we are feeling and care for ourselves as a person, not a parent. It fills us up, albeit only a little, and help us to last the long haul.  

By being aware of our own triggers, we can come up with strategies to cope with these tough situations even before we encounter them. 

Navigating toddlerhood is a marathon, and self-care is a pit-stop where we parents can catch a breather before we carry on running. We need consistent and regular pit-stops to help us last the long haul without burning out. 

Self-awareness is another factor that helps us succeed in managing toddlers. By being aware of our own triggers, we can come up with strategies to cope with these tough situations even before we encounter them.  

I am especially triggered by whining, which makes it difficult for me as my toddler kept whining during tantrums and meltdowns. Since I became aware of this, I pre-empted myself that whining is an expected behaviour for their age since they are unable to communicate what they think or feel effectively.  

I practised calming exercises such as taking deep breaths and repeating grounding statements to myself such as “This behaviour will pass, they are just trying to communicate their wants.” I find that these help to soothe my anxiety and enable me to respond in a calmer manner to my child.  

Managing toddlers can be very challenging on all fronts; it is a journey that requires much patience and intentionality. As we learn to manage them, we also need to remember to show grace and kindness to ourselves and allow ourselves to grow through mistakes. You are doing well, keep going! 

5 Essential Tips for Dads Preparing for Parenthood

So you’re going to be a dad soon? Congratulations!!  

Wait, what’s that? You don’t know the first thing about being a dad? No sweat. I’m here to help. After all, I’ve been a father for 15 years now, the last six as a mostly stay-at-home dad. So I’m pretty sure I know a thing or two about parenting.  

Let me introduce you to some important survival tips you won’t get in most listicles about good parenting.  

But be warned. These ‘life-hacks’ I’m sharing might not be what you expect. And they might even make you shift uneasily in your seat.  

Ready? 

Let’s go! 

Tip #1 – Accept that you will never be fully prepared

Here’s the thing. There are truckloads of parenting guidebooks out there. Not to mention a universe of online materials to help all new and bewildered parents or parents-to-be. Everyone will purport to give you full-proof tips and suggestions on how to be the best parent you can be.

But before you go wading into that ocean of information, know this truth: none can tell YOU how best to parent YOUR child. 

Why is that? Simple. Every human being is unique. 

If you agree with that oft-touted statement that we’re all unique, then what makes you think a how-to book or parenting manual is going to tell you ALL you need to succeed as a parent? 

The reality is that you will never be fully prepared.  

Of course, there will be days you can look back and pat yourself on the back because you did prepare everything. But the truth about being a parent is, more often than not, you need to brace yourself for Murphy’s Law to strike when you least expect it! 

I hope that takes a load off your shoulders, and you don’t feel like you need to berate yourself when things (inevitably) unravel.  

Which brings me to… 

Tip #2 – Be ready to lose control…regularly! 

I’ve lost count of how many times, when my children were still babies and toddlers, that my wife and I would forget to pack extra snacks, toys, or wet wipes when we take them out. Or the baby pram just refuses to snap into position while the milk bottle leaks all over the diaper bag. 

Talk about losing control of the situation. And that’s just logistics! 

The kicker is when your little precious has a very public meltdown for one reason or another. It could be the hot weather. Unfamiliar environment. Even the irritating label on the back of his/her adorable onesie.  

Oh, and if you think that’s just the initial years of parenting, and that you will regain control once they are older…Oh well, why spoil the surprise for you, right? You’ll have more than enough on your plate very soon to find out for yourself (*quiet chuckle*). 

And that leads us to… 

Your kid is your ultimate guide. Watch him/her. Closely. Pay attention. Be present. And humble. 

Tip #3 – It’s okay to be ‘blur like sotong’

Ever seen a man looking like he just lost his car key, wallet, or (worse) his kid?! That was probably me. And yes, it’s true. I’ve lost all three before. More than once.

If ever there was a promotional poster for looking “blur like sotong,” I’ll be the face for the campaign!

You see, the look of confusion or losing your grip on things often, is a default look on many new dads. After all, this whole parenting thing is like new territory for the intrepid explorer. Except there are no maps, employment manuals or Parenting For Dummies Guidebook (well there is actually, but trust me, it isn’t much help!)  

And here’s the rub. 

There still won’t be any useful guides even when your kids move into the tumultuous teenage years (which, trust me, by then you would be desperate for guidebooks!). 

But you know what?  

As you bash through the parenting jungle of life to find answers, or simply a way out of your daily confusion, your kid is your ultimate guide. Watch him/her. Closely. Pay attention. Be present. And humble.  

Learn from them, and persevere. 

You will discover how to parent well while you’re “on the job”. Stuff no guru (including *cough cough* me) can ever tell you.

The single greatest portal to self-awareness and transcendence for any individual is the passage of parenthood.

Tip #4 – The parenting journey’s more about you than your kid!

Now that I’ve lived for over half a century, I can confidently tell you the single greatest portal to self-awareness and transcendence for any individual is the passage of parenthood.

How so? 

Here are just two of many examples from my own life as a father.

The first example had to do with my innate discomfort around children, right up into my early 30s. 

Back then, children seemed unpredictable, noisy and totally unmanageable to me. So during my initial years of marriage, I was happy not having any of my own. That changed when my wife was expecting my eldest of two boys. Suddenly I became curious about other people’s kids and found myself seeking opportunities to interact with them. 

Perhaps it was my subconscious nudging me to dress rehearse for “opening night”! Whatever it was, I gradually warmed up and engaged with babies and kids in ways I never imagined possible before.

The second example was when my firstborn (then 20 months old) got trapped in my master bedroom, no thanks to a faulty door. 

When all else failed to set him free, yours truly turned into Spiderman (sans sticky palms and feet), crossed from the adjacent bedroom window into the master bedroom window, while dangling over 30 metres above ground in our eighth-floor HDB apartment. With no harness or safety net! 

Whilst you’ll never catch me doing such a maniacal act of heroism again, that experience taught me that I’m capable of overcoming my fear of heights. Especially when the wellbeing of my flesh and blood was at stake. 

Which brings me to my final tip… 

Tip #5 – Parenting makes you see the world (and yourself) in a whole new light 

In my journey as a parent, I’ve learned to see the old and familiar afresh. All thanks to my best teachers — my children! 

For instance, observing and marvelling with my son how ants move in a neat line on the ground and realising for the first time how much they look like soldiers falling into line. Or how while cloud-watching, my son taught me to see beyond mere shapes and to look for unicorns or unicycles.  

Parenting has taught me to slow down and look at things as though for the first time. To appreciate the wonders and marvels of nature and life through the pure and innocent eyes of my kids. 

And that perhaps is the ultimate reward of parenting. To have a second chance at seeing life anew and in unexpected ways. 

Okay, new or soon-to-be daddy.  

These tips should get you strapped and ready to be your kid’s favourite rock star! Now, your fathering journey’s about to begin.  

It’s time to step up for the ultimate marathon of your life. 

I’ll see you at the finish line. 

© 2024 Focus on the Family Singapore. All rights reserved. 

Trusting the Process in Motherhood

The feeling you get when you cradle your newborn and take in every tiny detail of his/her little face. The amazement and excitement of witnessing your child’s firsts. The way your heart swells with pride when you look at the person they are growing into. 

Being a mother is one of the most unique experiences in this world, special in every way – even in the way it grows and challenges you. 

Your baby is still waking multiple times at night. Your toddler seems to be endlessly whiny and refuses to obey your instructions. Your primary schooler cannot seem to get that math concept right no matter how many times you try to explain it. 

You’re tired – physically, mentally and emotionally. It constantly feels like things are not getting better no matter how hard you try. You’re going through the motions, and it never feels like enough. 

As tough as it may be to see beyond this current season, be assured that everything you go through and endure will come to fruition, all in good time. 

In the sowing and the waiting, what does it mean to trust the process? 

Trusting the process is to relinquish control over desired outcomes and expectations – and in place of that, have faith that every decision you make and every challenge you overcome counts for something. In its time, it will culminate into something beautiful. 

While that can sound scary, learning to trust the process is an important mindset to have while journeying through the unchartered waters of motherhood and all it entails. By shifting your focus away from the things that cannot be controlled, it takes off burdens that we often unknowingly and unnecessarily carry, so that we can focus on what and who truly matter. 

Trusting the process is to relinquish control over desired outcomes and expectations, and have faith that every decision you make and every challenge you overcome counts for something. 

What it looks like to trust the process in motherhood: 

1. Embrace the uniqueness of your journey 

Drawing comparisons is a surefire way to discourage ourselves. Consciously or subconsciously, we find ourselves looking at other kids’ developmental progress and behaviour, and how other mums seem to be coping – and use that as a yardstick for how we are doing in our own journey of motherhood. 

Often, this can leave us feeling demoralised about the ways we are bringing up our own children, wondering if we are doing what is “right” for them. 

While there may be some basic and helpful principles in parenting, there is no manual that comes with the role. As with all human interactions and relationships, there is no guarantee that doing A would result in B. 

Every child, every mum and every relationship is different; what works well for one child may end up being the most unhelpful approach when it comes to another. 

Your story and journey are distinctly yours, and it is only when we start to appreciate our uniqueness and that of our children that we see the beauty of being content with our own special journey of growth.  

You are the mum your child needs. 

2. Show yourself grace 

Let’s admit it: We are works-in-progress, and will always be. 

We know that there is no perfect mother and no motherhood journey free from challenges, yet we can be so quick to beat ourselves up for our mistakes or when the guilt of not doing enough for our kids creeps in. 

Whether it came in the form of snapping at your child when they asked, “Why?” for (what felt like) the hundredth time in a day or feeling bad about leaving the room the very second before your baby falls off the bed, we have our share of regrets when it comes to being a mum. 

Even then, every impatient and harsh response can be an opportunity to seek forgiveness, every moment of failure a chance to reflect, and each desperate cry for a breather a reminder that we are human. While these experiences are uncomfortable and painful, they are opportunities for growth, shaping our character and the relationship we share with our kids. 

Being a mother is no easy feat. It demands a lot—if not all—of who we are, and there is room to show yourself compassion as you grow with grace. 

Difficult circumstances have a unique way of refining and moulding our character. 

3. Play the long game

Motherhood is a ride for the long haul and some seasons are going to be more challenging than others – the first few weeks without the confinement nanny, having two under 3, a child’s adjustment to primary school, relational struggles with your teen; all on top of personal struggles. 

At the lowest points of your journey, it can be tempting to quiet-quit and give up trying. 

The growth mindset would argue that these situations are opportunities to build resilience, learn and become better versions of ourselves. Difficult circumstances have a unique way of refining and moulding our character. 

To make the most of every season and to keep growing as a mum, we have to hold onto hope when we are in the trenches – and tell ourselves that, “This too shall pass.” Sometimes, before we know it, our child finally learns to soothe themselves back to sleep, or begin to read independently, or be potty-trained. Growth will spring forth in time to come. 

4. Celebrate growth 

A friend of mine frequently fretted over how frequently she would blow her top at her kids. When one day quite suddenly she realised that even when she had let out a few harsh words, she was able to pause mentally and physically, walk around the kitchen a few times while breathing to regain her calm, and then return to the scene a lot more in control of her emotions. 

It did not happen overnight and it certainly is nowhere near perfection. But trusting the process means believing that over time, there is some form of growth in the journey – even if it occurs it shows in ways you don’t expect. 

Whether it has got to do with your child’s developmental journey and meltdown frequency, or your level of patience and choice of response, ask yourself these questions: 

  • Compared to a week/month/half a year/one year ago, what changes are visible? 
  • Apart from this challenge, how else have I/my child grown? 

As you learn to celebrate both the small and big milestones in you and your young ones’ journey, you may find the assurance and encouragement that you need to take the next step, and then the next. 

 The burdens a mum bears are heavy and circumstances can be challenging, but when we take a step back and consider how far you’ve come, it shifts our perspective of the difficulties we face in the process. 

If you find yourself dutifully watering and tending to a seed in the soil but can’t quite see any growth above the surface, remember that roots need time to grow deep. As the plant grows, there will be seasons of weeding, of pruning, and seasons where it flowers and bears fruit. 

Signs of growth—both in your children and in you—will sprout all in good time. 

This article was written by Faith Wong, a gen-Zer who loves gymming, K-pop bands, and coffee.

From 3 to 13 May 2024, join us in encouraging mums of their growth in their precious journey of motherhood. Find out more at www.family.org.sg/AllinGoodTime. 

How to Parent a Strong-Willed Child

45-year-old Mr Tan had just about had enough. He walked into the counselling room with his face completely red, and recounted what had happened the night before. Mr Tan’s 17-year-old son Jeremy* was totally out of control. When Mr Tan found his son still engaged in  an online game at 2am, two hours after bedtime, he decided to switch off the WiFi in the house, and Jeremy went ballistic. 

“He went into the living room and started screaming. Then he started throwing everything on the floor. The whole house was in a mess!” exclaimed the irate man, his lungs about to burst. “It’s not the first time I’ve told him to stop. I just don’t know what to do with such a strong-willed child!” 

Before we address the behaviour of the child, we need to first understand all the variables that led to the behaviour.

Understanding the strong-willed child

The Cambridge Dictionary defines a “strong-willed” person as someone “determined to do what is wanted, even if other people disagree or disapprove.” From Mr Tan’s perspective, Jeremy was a “strong-willed” child who always wanted to do things his own way; someone who was “obstinate” and “stubborn”, and always refused to do what he was instructed. Mr Tan, wanting to assert his authority over his son, had entered into a power struggle with his son by switching off the WiFi.

According to Bryan Post, a specialist in the treatment of emotional and behavioural disturbance, we need to reframe the way we parent a child whom we believe to be “strong-willed”. Bryan, Founder of the Post Institute for Family-Centred Therapy, noted that a strong-willed child can trigger a strong-willed parent, and this could result in a negative feedback loop of intense emotional turmoil. When discussing the nature of the “will,” it refers to a “will to live,” and a strong will could sometimes stem from a feeling that “no one is able to take care of me other than me.”

The more we focus on the negative behaviour of a child, the more we forget about the positive aspects of having a strong will.

Bryan observed that society is outcome-oriented, and that we mostly focus on the behaviour of the child, when it’s actually the relationship (the process) that leads to the outcome (the behaviour). As such, before we address the behaviour of the child, we first need to understand all the variables that led to the behaviour. For instance, did the child have a good sleep the night before? Is he or she hungry or tired, or encountering problems in school or with friends? 

Bryan’s observations are interesting, because the more we focus on the negative behaviour of a child, the more we forget about the positive aspects of having a strong will. This encompasses having strong opinions about the world around them, dogged determination and perseverance, and an acute sense of what is right and wrong.  

In fact, a strong-willed child could grow up to become an adult who will persevere to ensure that the task gets done. The person could tap on their deep sense of justice and the strong spirit of determination to become a change-maker in their sphere of influence. 

We need to first connect before we attempt to correct. And we need to connect with them in a way that they can receive and relate with.

Building the relationship

Parenting is about building relationships. How we connect with our children matters; this is something that I have been learning more and more as I go deeper in my counselling work with people who have experienced trauma.  

Bryan commented that the child often draws on their previous memories before deciding how to behave in a given situation. Building on this concept, we need to ensure that our children have positive experiences with us, in order to create a feedback loop of positive memories.  

The key to building positive experiences is to connect with our children in the everyday moments. We need to first connect before we attempt to correct. And we need to connect with them in a way that they can receive and relate with. 

Understanding strengths

Connection begins with understanding. And this begins when we understand our children’s strengths – what they’re good at, and what they like to do. My two sons love playing board games, so that’s what we do during the evenings at home and on holiday, playing board games together as a family.

Back to Mr Tan’s case, I learnt from him that Jeremy loved to play soccer and to eat Japanese food, in addition to playing online games. So, I suggested for Mr Tan to spend some time playing soccer with him during their free time, to take Jeremy to a Japanese meal once in a while, and to find out more about what games he liked – the characters in the game, the special powers, and other unique aspects of the game that appealed to the boy.

When I saw Mr Tan a few months later, he was happy to update that Jeremy no longer behaved the same way as before, and that he had reached an agreement with his son on what would be an appropriate time to stop playing each night. “It was almost as if a miracle has happened!” he declared.

And often, such miracles can happen when we work at the relationship.


*All names and identifying features have been changed to protect the anonymity of the persons involved. 

How Can I Reduce my Mental Load as a Mum?

According to BBC, mental load is about “preparing, organising and anticipating everything, emotional and practical, that needs to get done to make life flow.” It is like having ten tabs open and running at the same time in our minds, as we go about our daily responsibilities as mums.  

We can be preparing lunch while anticipating what picking up our child will be like, whether he will be moody because of the long hours in school or the lack of sleep from the night before, while also making dinner plans and trying to recall if we have paid the month’s bills.  

Mental load is one of the hardest things to accurately explain to people, and also one of the biggest sources of anxiety. We feel the need to be in control of what is happening and what is going to happen so that we feel sufficiently confident to handle the various situations.  

This mental load will not lessen until our children are independent enough to make decisions and take care of their own basic needs. Such a responsibility can sometimes cause us to feel overwhelmed and burnt out, if not handled with care. It is therefore important for us to learn how to cope well.  

1. Having fixed routines helps us anticipate with more certainty 

We often hear that children thrive with routines because they can anticipate what is coming and feel more empowered to carry out the task. Similarly, adults rely heavily on routines to carry out our daily responsibilities.  

Having fixed routines can help us anticipate with more certainty the flow of events for the day, which will also help us be more prepared even if unforeseen circumstances crop up. For example, if our children’s routine is to shower – dinner – play – sleep, it wouldn’t hurt to have dinner before taking a shower on days when we get home later than expected.  

Routines act as a baseline for both kids and parents, since they know that these tasks must be completed even if they were coupled with meltdowns and yelling. It takes away the “what’s next” while we deal with the meltdowns, and that helps to give us a sense of clarity amidst the chaos.

2. Schedule brain breaks

Whenever possible, schedule brain breaks during the day. This could be in the form of swapping out one homecooked meal for a  giving the kids fifteen minutes of screen time while we have a cup of coffee and take it slow. This is possible when our children are familiar with the day-to-day routines and have a certain level of independence.  

Short breaks may not seem like much but can go a long way when scheduled at the right intervals. For example, taking a break at midday can help us continue managing the various responsibilities till the children go to bed.  

3. Find community among fellow mums

Bearing the mental load by ourselves is difficult, but adequately describing it to others and explaining its effects on us can also be challenging. Therefore, finding mum friends who can relate is very important. They can be a great source of support and an outlet for you to share your frustration. 

Though our responsibilities haven’t changed, the emotional support our mum friends provide can sometimes give us that little push to last through a difficult day. 

It helps us feel understood and seen by people who have gone through what we have and know exactly what we are talking about, especially when mental load in itself is invisible. Though our responsibilities haven’t changed, the emotional support our mum friends provide can sometimes give us that little push to last through a difficult day.  

4. Give yourself a ‘mum’s day off’

Giving yourself an “off-day” sounds incredibly attractive, because of the sheer responsibility of being a mum. As a working adult, we can switch our phones off and choose not to log in to our emails when on leave, but we cannot turn our brains off and ignore our kids.  

We can only be momentarily free from caregiving when we intentionally step out and away from the family. When we can relinquish the role of caregiving to another trusted adult, be it our spouse or family member, we can turn our minds away from the needs and demands of our family and just focus on ourselves.  

This is absolutely crucial in helping us tune in to our own needs and do the things that we want to do. It helps us feel that our needs can and will be met. We are also a priority and are not forgotten amidst the chaos at home.  

The catch is that we must be intentional to take our minds off whatever is happening at home. It defeats the purpose if we are out but our minds are constantly worried about our children and their plans and activities for the day. 

We can better plan, schedule and care for our children when we are happy and well taken care of. 

Practical tips to reduce mental load

Try these practical tips to better manage your mental load: 

  • Think about which activities you can incorporate into a routine. Perhaps it is doing an emotional check-in at bedtime, or planning for the week’s meals on a Sunday evening. 
  • Schedule your brain breaks into your weekly calendar. Start with once a week and work your way up! 
  • Regularly share with your spouse/mum support group what might be weighing you down or causing you anxiety. 
  • Give yourself time off to do something you enjoy – once a month! 

The mental load of motherhood accumulates over time due to the changing seasons our children go through, and it is important for us to consider our own needs while giving to our children. We can better plan, schedule and care for our children when we are happy and well taken care of.  

The journey is long, but we are also training our mental resilience through the years as our children grow. Take heart, mummies! We can do this! 

© 2024 Focus on the Family Singapore. All rights reserved. 

The Emerging Family Report

Introduction

The Emerging Family Report presents a summary of the discussions held at State of the Family 2024: Shaping Next Generation Relationships. State of the Family is Focus’ annual event which aims to provide our key partners with an analysis of emerging trends impacting the Family.

Who exactly are the Emerging Families? They consist of the young families of today and the youth of our nation, both of whom represent the future of Singapore.

Key highlights include the results from Focus’ Fatherhood Involvement and Marriage Aspirations Survey and FamChamps® #FamilyForTheWin Survey, which were both conducted in 2023.

The observations, discussion questions, and insights presented in this report aims to help you think through the trends surrounding Emerging Families and determine how you might be able to apply these in your context.

Research Findings

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What is Good Touch and Bad Touch?

As part of our five senses, the gift of touch is a way we make sense of the world and send and receive messages. But in a world where touch can sometimes be less than innocent, how do we protect our kids especially when we can’t always be with them? 

Early years (0-3)

Teaching our kids about good and bad touch is a conversation that we can start from the early years. As you teach your kids proper names for their body parts and things like not walking around naked, you are laying a great foundation for their young minds to learn both social norms and body safety. 
 
At this age, you can also introduce the idea of good touch and bad touch as an easy-to-understand framework that you can build on as they grow. 
 
Good touch can be high-fives, handholding and even hugs from family and friends. Bad touch can be touches that leave bruises (hitting, pushing, kicking…etc) and any unwanted touch from another person, especially in the private areas.  
 
Avoid defining good touch as “whatever makes you feel good” since this can be used out-of-context. Abusers have also been known to exploit this ideal by first starting with innocent tickles, before moving on to sexual abuse.  
 
Instead, first define good and bad touch as areas that can be touched and areas that cannot. An easy visual reference for “no touch” areas is everywhere that’s covered when you wear a singlet and shorts. 
 
Then expand it further by helping to grow your child’s voice. Teach them that they can say no to being touched and to move away from the person or call for help if they feel uncomfortable. Nurture your child’s confidence to say no by also respecting their wishes. Never force them to hug or kiss anyone, even with relatives.  
 
Keep the language you use straightforward and simple:  
“Can anyone touch you in a no-touch area? “No!”  
“If someone hugs you and you don’t like it, what do you say? No!”   
 
You should also help them recognise the safe adults in their lives, e.g., immediate family members. If there are other adults in that circle, you may also want to define what is allowed and what is not e.g., a teacher can help bring you to the toilet but can’t touch your private areas.  
 
Make it very clear to your kids that no one should show their private parts to them and no one should see or touch their private areas. 

Preschool years (4-6) 

Your child may be attending daycare now and may need help with toileting so it will be good to run through some specific scenarios with them.  

Role-play is a powerful teaching tool for young kids. You may want to go through: 

  • What’s okay and not okay during shower time at school  
  • How to get help cleaning up if they passed motion 
  • What to do if someone peeks at them when they are in the toilet 

Find out from the school how they handle these scenarios too to avoid confusion. 

Empower them with handles on what to do if an adult does something they are not comfortable with, for example: 

Say “I don’t like that”, find daddy, mummy or a trusted adult and tell them what happened, and how they feel e.g., “I don’t like Uncle trying to kiss me”.   

Of course, these responses should change if it involves any touching of their private areas. You may want to tell your kids that if anyone touches your private parts, shout “Stop! Go away” and “Help” very loudly. 

Consistent repetition of these body safety rules will help them remember it.   

You may also want to teach them not to sit on other adults’ laps but to sit next to them instead. 

Primary years (7-9) 

By primary school age, you can also include the idea of peer pressure when it comes to expanding the idea of good touch and bad touch. Taper your questions according to their level of maturity too. Role-play questions now may include “If your friend says that a boyfriend/ girlfriend can touch each other in the no-touch area, what would you say?” 

They may also be exposed to words like “molest” from friends who have had such encounters. To ensure your child knows they can always come and talk to you about anything, never sound suspicious or fear-monger. Instead, communicate calmly and frequently, using movies and news to spark conversations. Listen attentively to them, without jumping to conclusions or judgment too quickly. 
 
Teach your kids that bad touch can happen unexpectedly so they should be conscious of their surroundings, especially when they are alone. Also talk about and role-play what to do if they are unexpectedly touched in a public place. 

Conversations About Sex Need Not Be So Tough

Research shows that when parents engage their children in topics on sexuality, their children grow to make wiser choices in relationships and sex. To help you overcome your fears in broaching the topic, we have designed a Talk About Sex video series specially for parent and child (aged 7-12) to enjoy, engage with and learn together!
Find out more

When The Parenting Tips Don’t Work

Screaming, yelling, shouting. Fighting, quarrelling, whining. Clinginess, grumpiness, and repeated defiance. As parents, we may wonder why our children fight us when we’re trying to meet their needs. It seems like an uphill task to keep the kids safe, healthy, and on time for school, while juggling our countless other responsibilities and demands.  

Meanwhile, you continue to be bombarded by parenting tips online that tell you to empathise and be gentle with your children. You give this a try, but are met with mischief, meltdowns, and defiance at the worst moments. Desperate, you resort to old tactics: Threats, yelling, caning, or bribing with screen time to placate them. Unsurprisingly, these old methods work, and you’re able to get on with the day.  

While it may be tempting to abandon the expert tips as you struggle with the realities of life, many of us continue to resonate with the ideas presented, as they inspire us to build a warmer and more loving home. Here are some ways I’ve learnt to adapt these tips into my own family life: 

1. Avoid unhealthy comparison

With today’s gentle parenting approach gaining popularity, it is easy to make comparisons with other parents who seem to have it all under control. However, what you see on social media does not necessarily reflect reality. You may be surprised to learn that almost every parent struggles with getting their children in line at some point, even the ones you look up to most!  

Knowing this, it is important to avoid black-and-white thinking when we encounter our failures. Instead of dwelling on thoughts like, “I lost my cool today; I must be a failure as a father,” it helps to reframe them more constructively: “I lost my cool today, but it was understandable as I was dealing with too much. I can have compassion on myself, and apply what I have learnt from this episode, tomorrow.”  

 

“It takes time for new parenting strategies to prove its effectiveness, and for new habits to be cultivated in the family.” 

2. Aim for improvement, not perfection 

As adults, it can sometimes feel like an uphill battle keeping it all together each day. In many ways, our children struggle just like us as they navigate the challenges of growing up. Hence, we cannot expect perfect days and perfectly obedient children. It is not possible to correct every single mistake, as this can lead to resentment in both parent and child. We should, instead, identify red lines for discipline and keep to those.   

For example, my wife and I are stricter with maintaining discipline when our children are about to endanger themselves or others. We are less uptight if no harm is caused – such as if they scream, shout, or accidentally spill something – or if we know that the children are feeling overwhelmed.  

It is also important to note that improvement takes time, before any positive change can be observed. We may fail spectacularly when we first try something new – this includes new approaches to parenting. However, as we persist, our children will notice the new habits and language that are being cultivated, and eventually internalise them.  

One of my proudest moments as a father was seeing my 5-year-old son calm his younger sister down with one of the tactics I have previously used with him, instead of yelling back at her!  

“Be particularly mindful when our children are Hungry, Anxious, Lonely, or Tired (HALT).” 

3. Learn how to prevent and defuse emotional triggers  

Is your heart beating faster and harder? Do you feel tension in your forehead or chest? Do you feel blood rushing to your eyes? These are some physiological signs that an emotional outburst is about to occur – a trigger. Leaving our triggers unchecked can cause us to act impulsively. Sometimes, this leads to doing or saying things to our children that we regret for years to come. It is thus important to learn to detect and prevent our triggers, which would help us be more intentional in our parenting.  

The same goes for our children. Just as adults are likely to lose control when they have unmet needs, younger children are as, if not more, likely to act up if they are Hungry, Anxious, Lonely, or Tired (HALT). By mentally reviewing our children’s HALT levels throughout the day, we are better able to keep behavioural challenges at bay.  

However, no one can completely avoid emotional outbursts throughout life. As such, I’ve found it helpful to learn the best strategies for defusing one another’s triggers. For example, I usually count to 3 before I act on my anger, and I try to envision the consequences of losing my temper before I act or speak. For my children, slow counting or play have been the best means for regulating their strong emotions. (Here are more tips on dealing with big emotions.) 

At the end of the day, parental discipline may involve being firm with our children. To keep myself in check, my guiding principle for managing meltdowns or misbehaviour is to always exhaust all “softer” approaches before moving on to “harder” ones.

 Live to love another day 

One morning, I yelled harshly at my son while getting him ready for school, leaving the family shaken and myself feeling guilty for the rest of the day. That same night, however, we went about our bedtime routine as normal. I read both children a bedtime story and the kids scrambled to sit on my lap. The night ended with giggles and smiles as I tucked them into bed.  

Family life is not meant to be perfect. It is unrealistic to expect ourselves or our children to handle all of life’s challenges, while maintaining perfect composure 24/7. What I’ve found to be most important is not building the perfect family, but a loving one: An environment where we are always loved, accepted, and learning to love one another better. It is on this foundation that each family member can work on themselves and make each difficult moment a little better, one day at a time.